Essay about Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison

Throughout all of history there has been an ideal beauty that most have tried to obtain. But what if that beauty was impossible to grasp because something was holding one back. There was nothing one could do to be ‘beautiful’. Growing up and being convinced that one was ugly, useless, and dirty. For Pecola Breedlove, this state of longing was reality. Blue eyes, blonde hair, and pale white skin was the definition of beauty. Pecola was a black girl with the dream to be beautiful. Toni Morrison takes the reader into the life of a young girl through Morrison’s exceptional novel, The Bluest Eye. The novel displays the battles that Pecola struggles with each and every day. Morrison takes the reader through the themes of whiteness and beauty,†¦show more content†¦The affiliation between beauty and whiteness limits the concept of beauty only to the person’s exterior. The characters are constantly subjected to images and symbols of whiteness through movies , books, candy, magazines, baby dolls and advertisements. Another example of the images and symbols in the novel is when the black protagonist, Pecola, feasts on a ‘Mary Jane’ candy. â€Å"She remembers the Mary Janes. Each pale yellow rapper has a picture on it. A picture of little Mary Jane, for whom the candy is named. Smiling white face. Blonde hair in gentle disarray, blue eyes looking at her out of a world of clean comfort. The eyes are petulant, mischievous. To Pecola they are simply pretty. She eats the candy, and its sweetness is good. To eat the candy is somehow to eat the eyes, eat Mary Jane. Love Mary Jane. Be Mary Jane,† (Morrison, 50). In this quotation, Morrison uses the Mary Jane candy to represent white beauty. When Pecola explains the sweetness, simplicity, and love that is identified with the Mary Jane candy, she is actually explaining the attributes of the white culture. The quotation also emphasizes Pecola’s desire to be white rather than black when she ends with, â€Å"Be Mary Jane†, which highlights the theme of beauty and how it affects the young black girls. Along with whiteness being associated with beauty, blackness is associated with ugliness. As mentioned before, it may be trueShow MoreRelatedBeauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Essay613 Words   |  3 PagesBeauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Some people will argue with you that there is always an ugly duckling somewhere in a family. I see it different, I see these people as unique. In Toni Morrisons book, The Bluest Eye there is the issue of being beautiful and ugly. In this essay I will discuss how Toni Morrison book The Bluest Eye initiates that during 1941 white was beautiful and black was ugly in the surrounding of two families. The issue of beauty versus ugliness is portrayingRead MoreThe Search for Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Essay1218 Words   |  5 Pagesbeautiful so they would be accepted at school, as well as loved and acknowledged more. Pecola Breedlove in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye is no different than any other little girl. She too wants to be beautiful. America has set the standards that to be beautiful one must have quot; blue eyes, blonde hair, and white skinquot; according to Wilfred D. Samuels Toni Morrison (10). This perception of beauty leads Pecola to insanity because just as society cannot accept a little ugly black girl neither canRead MoreSelf-Hatred and the Aesthetics of Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison1287 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Aesthetics of Beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Topic: Discuss the issues of self-hatred and the aesthetics of beauty in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison. What role do they play in the novel and how do they relate to its theme? Self-hatred leads to self-destruction†¦ Self-hatred is something that can thoroughly destroy an individual. As it was fictitiously evidenced in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, it can lead an individual to insanity. Toni Morrison raises the idea thatRead MoreBluest Eye1268 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieved that a black African could write a good book† (Satwase). In the Bluest Eye Toni Morrison uses wrong and discomfort to show the crushing consequences that come from racism. In 1950 America, racial discrimination was implied by different skin colors. The Bluest Eye shows ways in which white beauty standards hurt lives of black females, blacks that discriminate on each other and the community’s bias on who you were. Toni Morrison uses the racism of the 1950 s and shows that It is the blacknessRead MoreEssay On The Bluest Eye1562 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, in the book, â€Å"The Bluest Eye† by Toni Morrison, they live up to their reputations for how they view themselves. Specifically, being focus ed on women like Pecola, and Claudia. They are often questioning their worth from society’s judgement of beauty. Though one character, Frieda embraces it despite being black. With having everything temporary, the desire of grasping and having something permanent increases. The women desires to be of a lighter skin tone with blue eyes, but will being privilegedRead More Memoirs of a Geisha and the Bluest Eye Essay example900 Words   |  4 PagesMemoirs of a Geisha and the Bluest Eye Memoirs of a Geisha by Aurthor Golden and The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison are two thought provoking books with a unique style of writing. Memoirs of a Geisha has a beautiful poetic grammar which captures readers imagination and brings the story to life. Morrison on the other hand uses combined voices to give varied perspectives with out resorting to authorial intrusion or preaching. Memoirs Of A Geisha and the bluest eye both contain graphic realismRead MoreWoman Is The Nigger Of The Wolrd: The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison934 Words   |  4 PagesIgnored as a person. Denied as a species. ‘The total absence of human recognition† (Morrison, 36). For decades, African-Americans have not only been looked down upon by white people, they have been dehumanized. Toni Morrison is controversial for pillorying this topic, that has been silenced by white society for years, not from the ‘Master Narrative’ perspective, that is the white male one’s, but from the exact opposite of this: an African-American girl. By doing this, she does not only awake pityRead MoreThe Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison2069 Words   |  9 Pagesdictate to the standards of beauty. In her novel, ‘The Bluest Eye’, Toni Morrison draws upon symbolism, narrative voice, setting and ideals of the time to expose the effects these standards had on the different characters. With the juxtaposition of Claudia MacTeer and Pecola Breedlove, who naively conforms to the barrier of social classes, we are able to understand how African American’s in 1940’s America, specifically Ohio, had to adapt to the white ideals/standards of beauty, which subsequently causedRead MoreStruggling through the Great Depression in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye1347 Words   |  5 PagesToni Morrison was born Chloe Anthony Wofford in 1931 in Lorain, Ohio. Morrison grew up with a love of literature and received her undergraduate degree from Howard University. She received a mas ter’s degree from Cornell University, she taught at Texas Southern University and then at Howard, in Washington, D.C., where she met Harold Morrison, an designer from Jamaica. The marriage lasted six years, and Morrison gave birth to two sons. She and her husband separated while she was pregnant with her secondRead MoreThe Reinforcement of Racial Hierarchies in Morrisons The Bluest Eye and Neals The Black Arts Movement1411 Words   |  6 PagesRace and racial hierarchies are reinforced through the proliferation of a predominant, societal, white aesthetic and through the perceptions associated with physical characteristics. In The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison first illustrates the reinforcement of racial hierarchies through the proliferation of a predominant, societal white aesthetic by recounting passages from the Dick and Jane books, a standardization of family life. Next, â€Å"The Black Arts Movement† by Larry Neal demonstrates the reinforcement

The Between The Brain And Technology - 954 Words

Humans are continuously trying to develop a technology that will give artificial intelligence to machines (Gupta, 2013). People have been comparing the human brain to different technologies such as computers and smart devices. Recent years have seen an explosion in mobile web use where most devices and apps are capable of completing multiple tasks such as; entertainment, communication, navigation, education and health monitoring (Entertainment close-up, 2013). In fact, people tend to rely their meetings, alarms, anniversaries, birthdays etc. all on their smart devices. As a result, people are becoming more occupied in their own digital worlds, anywhere and at any time (Entertainment close-up, 2013). More apps and electronic devices are capable of operating and processing information just like the human mind. However, there are some major differences between the brain and technology. Von Neumann and Kurzweil (2012) stated that information technologies have already transformed every f acet of human life from business and politics to arts. The information age is expanding its sphere of influence. It is arguable that the most important information process to understand is human intelligence, however, there is some sort of relationship between the human mind and technology (Von Neumann Kurzweil, 2012). It is believed that technology does not process information in the same fashion as the human brain. Although this is the case, there are some aspects of similarity to study. ThisShow MoreRelatedA Critical Evaluation Between Technology And The Human Brain1467 Words   |  6 PagesArtificial Intelligence: A critical evaluation between Technology and the Human brain Humans are continuously trying to develop a technology that will give artificial intelligence to machines (Gupta, 2013). People have been comparing the human brain to different technologies such as computers and smart devices. Recent years have seen an explosion in mobile web use (Entertainment close-up, 2013). Most devices and apps are capable of completing multiple tasks such as; entertainment, communication,Read MoreMen, Women: Maybe We Are Different Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is also the possibility that the way the brain works differently for both genders plays a significant role. If the brain causes men and women to think differently it could cause men and women to have different priorities and excel at different skills. Therefore, I am intrigued with the question, are the male and female brain dissimilar? This is important to understand, because our brain is what controls us as humans. 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One who doesn’t come into contact with technology daily, may feel lost, or even confused. Often our lives revolve around technology, us americans thrive on it. In essence it makes us feel as if we’re part of something more. In Attention Deficit: The Brain Syndrome of OurRead MoreTechnological Advancements During The 21st Century Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagescontinued to do so. It is common to too see the common pedestrian either handicapped or accompanied by some sort of device which contributes to their   overall ease of access. In this sense, technology has been an overall positive contributor to the welfare of humanity as a whole. In multiple regards has technology proven to be as such, for example, the modernization of the telephone system makes it possible for emergencies t o be reported and save lives in exit gent circumstances. Flights can be bookedRead MoreHow Technology Affects Our Lives1249 Words   |  5 Pagesinto this world of technology. 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Australian Wine Industry

Question: Discuss about the Report for Australian Wine Industry. Answer: Introduction Australia, the leader in wine production and producing several wine approach which range from intense reds to deep, dessert and fortified style, looks fruity whites to dazzling, a big country with every sort of climate and having all kinds of soil. The menus of many best restaurants get beautified by the high quality of Australian bottling, while the trendy variety and blend of wines contend on the shelve of the supermarkets and wine retailers in more than 80+countries worldwide. Australian wine owns a universal triumph story since 1980s to 1990s, and assisted to fabricate and create an international consumer based market, especially for wine and particularly renowned in the countries such as the UK, Canada and USA. Presently, Australia has around 2,350 wine manufacturers and the wine segment hired nearly 33,000 people. There are almost 172,680 hectares. Is being covered by wine producers. Australia is known as sixth largest wine producer in the world and comes with rank following France, Italy, Spain, USA and Argentina. Along with that, it is the 4th largest exporter. Wine comes 4th in the case of Australian farm exports subsequent to wheat, wool, and beef dairy (Curran Thorpe, 2014). The report includes the survey of Australians Industry of Wine and thus, assessment covers two models. The models used to analyze are Porter National Diamond Analysis Model and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Porter Diamond Analysis Model is basically based on the essential circumstances, assessing the state of the location is appropriate for the trade in respect to a few factors. The factors are Demand, Geographical factors, Support and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is examined to invest via diverse past situation and information which can help in taking the decision to do investment in the Australian Industry or not. By the help of both of these tools, it can be concluded that making investment in the Australian Wine Industry will certainly result in the creditable profit or not. Part 1: Porters National Diamond Analysis In this report, we will discuss the Porter's National Diamond Analysis and then will assess and carry out the analysis of the present condition of the Wine industry of Australia. The significant assessment is essential to present the pro and cons which the countrys market brings to this industry (Castaldi, Cholette, Hussain, 2006). To initiate a trade plan, it is essential to make sure the accessibility of funds, ease of employing an expert workforce, current order in the market of the specific product, tactic for increasing the margin, sustaining industries, etc. Considering all these, Michael Porter has projected a sculpt known as National Diamond Analysis, which mainly aimed at the premeditated analysis of the company in regards to consideration of key aspects, resource and industrial opinion. This model suggests that when there are several states and industries surrounded by nations, then it turns out to be more aggressive situation than the others on the worldwide level, then there is an intrinsic basis for this. The argument is that the nationwide home country of such type of industry would facilitate provides the industrys with explicit reasons, which will produce cutthroat and aggressive rewards on the international grounds (Australian Trade Commission, 2016). This model is basically dependent on key pillars which are written and mentioned below: - Factor Conditions: It states to the accessibility of sources in the area either it is home ground or innate bequest. These situations can be characterized by assistance available within the state which is therefore built by the organizations to additional higher factor of the competition. The prosperous sum of the unrefined objects, extremely accomplished employment, and shortage of workforce and communication capability of the labor force are few of the examples of these conditions. Demand Conditions: This is the main factor in regards to the modernism, eminence development and development of the industry. Whereas preparing a plan for setting up a business, one must review that what is in stipulation and what is the scope of anticipated development. When the home country for a particular product is massive and more challenging at the local level in comparison to the overseas markets, local organization always tries to focus more on the extension than entry in new countrys market. This will enhance the opposition of the local export company internationally and would be capable of being recognized the level of requirement of the services they provide or the product and how well they are capable to assemble and understand the consumer requirements (Baker, 2014). Associated and Relative Industries: It defines to the assistance that is effortlessly present by supplementary industries in the products growth with deference to the propinquity. Companies of domestic country would probably acquire extra cost-effectiveness and attain additional pioneering products and part while assisting the industries and thus, suppliers locally turn out to be aggressive while competing. It will yield higher product sales if there is more competition in the supporting companies. The Strategy Structure and Rivalry: Strategy plan and strong structure are the methods, which is the must for any company to stand firm in a competitive market. Industry and trade leaders could make analysis recognize with pre-determined aspects exist in the industrys domestic country by use of the Porter's Diamond Analysis, and out of such factors, which may be adapted for attaining the international competitive return. Through a globalization segment, the commercial leaders could also apply the Porter's Diamond Model, examine if the domestic factors could able to sustain the process, in case of the situations initiated in the domestic country are capable enough to create aggressive benefits on the global scale of competition (Moffett, 2004). Porters Diamond Analysis Model with respect to the Australian Wine Industry The Wine Industry of Australia is well-known for its eminence and serving the best in terms of clients value of paying around the world. It is a key business because of the accessibility of wine grapes in profusion which may possibly grow faultlessly in those surroundings with suitable atmosphere, climate circumstances and rain water. The associated industries like grape mounting, shipping are also rising at a lofty speed, which can be a goodwill for the industry of the wine along with the recent rising new industries and wine tourism (Corporation, 2015). Michael Porter has assessed the development of this industry in Australia with respect to National Diamond Analysis Model explained below: - Factor Condition One should look for the home grown resources in a case if need to set up a new industry in any specific area whose raw material is various natural resources. Australia is known as the best place because of the good growth of wine grapes there which results into a very good place for setting up the Wine Industry. The favorable conditions like good rainfall, optimal temperature along with the good weather of Australia are very well suited for the wine grapes to grow there with a very high quality. Western Australia, South-Wales, Tasmania, and South Australia are the main wine producing areas in Australia (Government, 2016). Skilled labor is required for the Grapes plantation and the process of wine making, and people residing in Australia have a lot of enthusiasm for that. In the Australian universities also, making of wine is a key area of research. Students will help in discovering the new process of yielding good production of wine grapes with the help of their technological innovations. To sum up, we can say that Australia is the prominent place for the foreigners to make their investment for making fine use of the accessibility of resources, innovative technology, and skilled labor. Demand Condition If there is a huge demand for any product, it will automatically encourage for the improvement of that products and services as this will work as a motivational factor. In Australia, the production of wine is very enormous with high eminence and variety, which will automatically result into the large demand in the market. (Palousis, 2014) The demand feature as per the Porter National Diamond Analysis stated that getting more magnetism to the conditions of demand in the home as well as foreign level. To summarize, due to the good taste, quality and verse variety, Australian wines are is in huge demand which also results in the attraction for investors. Strategy, Structure and Rivalry While planning for setting up an industry, the main focus should depend on the structure and plan to make that industry successfully, so that they can contend with the existing industries in a good way. Thus, strategies along with the structure are the vital reasons that play a significant role in finding the inner environment of any industry. (Svala, 2015) The most well-known winery is located in Penfolds Range which is in Australia, which we can say is a natural place for generating the top level quality wine. Another famous area is the Barossa Valley situated in South Australia, which is well-known for the high rank varieties. To conclude, Australia is a top producer of wine, so complete information on the market competition along with a well prepared plan should be there with the foreign investors, whenever they plan to set up (Fickle, Folwell, Ball, Clary, 2005). Supporting and Relating Industries The Government of Australia acquiesce a good business as Australia has major industries of wineries, therefore they give much effort on providing the associated services to support them. The Australian Govt. spends a good amount on railways and roads as transportation services are given major emphasis for the smooth communication between the manufacturers of wineries and distributors available at domestic and world level. The development of wineries is well supported by the related industries of Grape growing, wine marketing, as an industry all alone, cannot flourish without the support of the connected other industries. Australians are capable of manufacturing approximately every type of wine and they export it all over the world. From this factor, it is simple to state that due to a great support provided by the Government and other related industries, one can invest very well in the Wine industries. Part 2 Market Entry Strategy Analysis made by the Porter National Diamond Through the help of the Porter National Diamond Analysis, we come towards some of the determinants that are essential for setting up an industry. The Porter Diamond Analysis approves the investment in the Wine Industry due to the below reasons:- Natural resources which are wine grapes are available in good quantity due to the favorable conditions of climate along with the good quality of soil, and favorable temperature for the plantation of grapes. Availability of the expert workforce for the process of plantation and manufacturing. High demand due to the reason of good quality and variety. Planning strategy along with good structure needs to be very pioneering to stay competitive in the market. All the basic circumstances set up for an industry is met, so it is significant to ensure the Australian Investment Framework, so that it also gives support to the foreigners to develop their business (Schmitz, Carpenter, Dunung, 2012). Foreign Direct Investment Whenever a country plans to invest in the business of another country is termed as FDI of foreign investment. FDI is the kind of investment made by an organization or entity based on lone country, into an organization or entity based in another country. FDIsvary considerably from the indirect investments like portfolio flows, wherein the overseas organization spends inequitieslisted on NSE i.e. Nation Stock Exchange. Entities, making direct investments normally have a substantial level of influence and power over the organization into which the investment is made. Openeconomieswith fine growth prospects and trained workforces are likely to draw vast amounts of foreigndirect investment (Austrade Chief Economist, 2015). FDI is growing in its universal significance, though at the same instance development in case of industrys spotlight, the relative share is embarked on by the individual investors and the degree of funds is assisted by Emerging Market Multinational Enterprises (EMNEs). This development takes place of creative questions for the global business assumption, as the impetus and itinerary of EMNEs appear for diverging from those of the conventional MNEs. In this perception, numerous professionals has currently emphasized and considering the requirements to be paid off to the idea of eventuality, inclusive of organizational framework, in consideration with the EMNE strategy. Foreign Direct Investment in Australian Wine Industry The Australian Govt. has regularly invited overseas investors as it has assisted always to develop their market and put efforts for creativity, economic development and affluence. To pop-in funds, one is required to proffer their plan and then it is accessed by the Foreign Investment Review Board of Australia (AFIRB) (Australia's Foreign Investment Team, 2015). The country holds a well- established legislative system and well set governing bodies which can be defined as a financier affable and also holds effective overseas venture rules, which are broad minded and promote inward investment. The wine industry is an inexpensive and cost- effective key area, rely on selling overseas for its elongated-term endurance and development. Though, there are few enthralling variances in host country aspect, which would facilitate for sorting out the problems related to investment issues. The significant investigation questions which can be discovered are as follows: - What is the scale and possibility of countrys venture in the areas assessed? Is there a fact of the vulnerability associated with the Liability of Foreignness (LOF)? Do they have details of Liability of Origin (LOR) or Asset/Possessions of Foreignness (AOF) for the country financing? Market Size The main industry statistics on the Australias wine market (2012) are: - The presented figures demonstrate that the wine market in Australia produces total revenues of nearly $26.5 billion in the year 2012, representing a Compound Annual Growth Rate i.e. CAGR of approximately 4.3% for the period between the years 2008 and 2012. Australia has been ranked in the top 10 international destinations for the foreign direct investment (FDI) for the 4th consecutive year by the World Investment Report published by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in the year 2015. Australia earned nearly US$165 billion in the FDI inflows over three years to 2014 which is up by almost 30% from the US$125 billion during the last three years. This conclusion shows Australias recommendation as a destination for the investment, underpinned by its investment ties, sturdy economic expansion, global trade, strategic location and good record for innovation (Kurihara, 2012). Liability of Foreignness as a Barrier to Successful FDI Earnings for the industry from Foreign Direct Investment demand is ample enough to balance Liability of Foreignness: the details that industry bears socio economic costs, when they operate in the foreign markets. This notion is created by Zaheer in the year1995, looking for validation of the under-performance of overseas in comparison with the mature domestic companies and owes the aim of embracing scholarship. Thus, a report is made in such as way to give the broad review by Denk, Kaufmann and Roesch in the year 2012 which elucidates that the work which has been completed in the last 2 decades, including the theoretical basics of LOF and its consequence on Multinational Enterprises. One of the key significant assistance to the LOFs literature is that they had included the Eden and Millers work in the year 2004, which distinguish among unawareness, unfairness and relative hindrance (Robson, 2014). Few scholars suggested that there is a requirement for an improved approach to LOF enchanting COO effects into account. Firstly, the actuality of being overseas investment would be a profit in the context of domestic image and congregation, nation advantages, i.e. which can be an AOF, and can persuade on the outcome. In regards to the report, various finances might be in an enhanced situation than the local estate owners for exploiting their countrys market. Secondly, few authors have pinpointed out that the issues adept with the foreign companies possibly vary on the COO of the company. The divergence is related to every foreign company and may not be regarded equally foreign. Thus, few companies, especially EMNEs from the different country milieu of the host country and may have an improved Liability of Origin (LOR) than the others. So, LOF might be trained in an abnormal way by EMNEs in a developed countrys market in comparison with the companies from the same trade and having cultural possessions. This problem is predominantly likely for the Chinese companies, provided the value of the state in their domestic economy and the large numeral of SOEs indulged in OFDI (Boriraj, 2008). Case Study foreign Direct Investment of China in Wine Industry The investment done by the Chinese MNEs in Australian vineyards and France has two major characteristics which may influence the LOF are as follows: - Firstly, in case of the wine industry, one of the major entrance modes i.e. Greenfield is efficiently closed to the potential investors, as the most appropriate area in the chief designated regions is already cultivated. Therefore, the prospect FDI entry mode is acquirement or an enterprise. As described below, the final is an accepted approach which is being adopted, specifically in France. This policy has been manifest as a factor vulnerable to LOF and expected to pursue a stronger force for the Chinese company to reveal the authority. Also, the investors basically dont desire to create the host market, but moderately require protecting the quality supply and excelling in examining of the domestic market of China. So, the prospect of pessimistic thinking would direct to consumer variables in the host market with a reduction of the key concern. A smaller amount of awareness with the regulations of host country, unfairness by the prospect associates, Govt. and the owners are anticipated to be the gigantic sources of the LOF in this specific case (Australian Govt., 2015). Part 3: Contemporary Management Issues The companies should look for alliances and collaboration with the companies renowned working in Australia, might be in fruit and fruit juices sector, alcohol sector or with few distilleries. So that they can get into merger or may go for a profitable joint venture, which can lead to good margin in the business. As Australian Wine sector shows 0.2% growth every year since year 2011 till 2016, thus there seems to better and fruitful future is anticipated in such case of collaboration with small but renowned players of Australia. Evaluation on the basis of National Diamond Analysis Model As per the model projected by Michael Porter, which has mainly four points on which to set up industry depends are: Factor conditions Demand factors Support and relating industries and strategy Structure and rivalry analysis So, all the mentioned conditions are met with commendable advantageous. Firstly, the situation which embraces the home is the abundance and availability of wine grapes. Also, the trained and skillful workforce is present in the planting and production process. Secondly, due to the good and very high quality, the demand factor is also very high which is also favored by the different variety and good taste. Thirdly, the support provided by the Government of Transport and Communication becomes a feature of magnetism for the investment in this industry. Lastly, the plan, structure and rivalry depict the competition in the market and new innovation helps for leading this business. (Wine Australia Team, 2015). One of the disadvantages in opening up a wine industry is that as the competition is very high tough and for any newcomer to stand firm and competitive in the market, fresh technology and new ideas of innovative are necessary with which they can magnetize the customers to carry out high-quality business there. So, its a great idea for making an investment in the Australian Wine Industry as it can yield a good business along with a good profit. The key stress should be given to the technology along with the innovation with the help of which, one can contend in the existing market. Also the place should be selected very smartly for setting up an industry with respect to the nearness and abundance accessibility of the resources. Evaluation on the basis of Foreign Direct Investment It is very important to check the support of the Government in the country, whereas business needs to be planned. Investing in any new country will for sure create issues and some problems in the starting phase, so they can reduced if one gather all the important information from the companies which are already established or growing in that country. The Wine Industry of Australia are majorly working with the Chinese Foreign investors and as per the comments from China industries and people, the people of Australian are friendly and supporting in nature and its quite beneficial and easy to adjust and to work to carry out business with them. In the past few years, China has nearly established 7 vineyards in Australia, which conclude that there is a good profit or margin we can say in investing in the Australian Wine Industry. Despite of profit, there are few management and investment related issues which foreign investor had to face in the other country, described as follows: - Unfamiliarity hazards such as due to lack of understanding and knowledge of the host country business environment which can be proved as a drawback to the foreign firm. Prejudice hazard such as biasness, is associated with the potential for consumers or Govt. in a way to differentiate against the company and its products just because it is from a different country. Also, relational hazards reveal that a huge amount is needed for the management of commerce country crosswise and can embrace such things as low levels of trust, communication issues and high costs of administration management. The High Operational cost would required start a business in the foreign country. Since, Australia owns numerous vineyards and Wineries, thus the level of competing is very high, thus some innovative strategy may assist to win the vicious competition. Conclusion The report shown above reflects a survey done on the Wine Industry of Australian in regards to the investment in which two aspects are mainly covered namely, Porter Diamond Analysis and Foreign Direct Investment. Porter Diamond Analysis recommended that it is very beneficial and profitable to invest in the Australian Wine Industry due to the favorable conditions. As far as FDI is concerned, with the help of survey and statistics we can conclude that Australia is an enhanced and enhanced place to make the investments due to the support of Government in that country. So, as per this report we can say that it is recommended investing in the Australian Wine Industry. Bibliography Austrade Chief Economist. (2015, May 11). Increase in Australian foreign investment approvals. Retrieved from https://www.austrade.gov.au/: https://www.austrade.gov.au/International/Invest/Investor-Updates/2015/increase-in-australian-foreign-investment-approvals Australian Govt. (2015). Australia open for business. Retrieved from https://openforbusiness.gov.au: https://openforbusiness.gov.au/welcome/burch-family-wines Australian Trade Commission. (2016). Reports and resources. (MC3) Retrieved from https://www.austrade.gov.au: https://www.austrade.gov.au/International/Invest/resources Australia's Foreign Investment Team. (2015). Australias Foreign Investment Policy. Retrieved from https://firb.tspace.gov.au/files/2015/09/Australias_Foreign_Investment_Policy_December_2015_v2.pdf Baker, M. J. (2014). Marketing Strategy and Management. Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?id=w69hBQAAQBAJpg=PA183lpg=PA183dq=fdi+advantages+and+disadvantages+in+australian+wine+industrysource=blots=deOhYUJLdmsig=2VnZGQ9TGvbqM6O0dOosRnK5kEIhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjEqZm3-OLKAhXOao4KHcRhACE4ChDoAQhDMAc#v=onep Boriraj, J. (2008). Analysing and Modelling International Trade Patterns of the Australian Wine Industry in the World Wine Market. Victoria University, Faculty of Business and Law, Australia. Retrieved from https://vuir.vu.edu.au/2037/1/boriraj.pdf Castaldi, R. M., Cholette, S., Hussain, M. (2006). A Country-Level Analysis of Competitive Advantage in the Wine Industry. 3rd International Wine Business Research Conference, San Francisco State University. Retrieved from https://academyofwinebusiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Castaldi.pdf Corporation, T. A. (2015). Australian Wine and Liquor Industry. (investinaustralia) Retrieved from https://www.investinaustralia.com: https://www.investinaustralia.com/industry/wine-and-liquor/australian-wine-and-liquor-industry Curran, L., Thorpe, M. (2014). AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WINE ECONOMISTS. Toulouse Business School, Toulouse France. Retrieved from https://www.wine-economics.org/aawe/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/AAWE_WP168.pdf Fickle, L. A., Folwell, R. J., Ball, T., Clary, C. (2005). Small Winery Investment and Operating Costs. Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences. Retrieved from https://www.agribusiness-mgmt.wsu.edu/agbusresearch%5Cdocs%5Cwine_grapes%5Ceb1996_05.pdf Government, A. (2016). Setting up a business in Australia. (Australian Trade Commission) Retrieved from https://www.austrade.gov.au: https://www.austrade.gov.au/International/Invest/Guide-to-investing/Setting-up-a-business Kurihara, Y. (2012). The Deterministic Elements of FDI to ASEAN Countries: The Relationship between FDI and Macroeconomic Variables. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 02(02). Retrieved from https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jms/article/view/15679 Moffett. (2004). Foreign Direct Investment Theory and Strategy . Retrieved from https://fm.dyu.edu.tw/files/courses/04/9602e-infinanswer/moffett_286383_16.pdf Palousis, N. (2014). A simple guide to LEAN for the wine industry. The Australian Grape and Wine Authority (AGWA). Retrieved from https://research.wineaustralia.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2XE-1302-Final-Report.pdf Robson, S. (2014). International market entry: Determinants of Australian exports and direct investment to the UK. Australia. Retrieved from https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15844/1/Sally_Robson_Thesis.pdf Schmitz, A., Carpenter, M. A., Dunung, S. (2012). Challenges and Opportunities in International Business. Univeristy of Wisconsin Madisons, Wisconsin School of Business. Retrieved from https://2012books.lardbucket.org/pdfs/challenges-and-opportunities-in-international-business.pdf Svala, H. (2015). Wine Store Business Plan. Business Plan. Retrieved from https://www.bplans.com/wine_store_business_plan/executive_summary_fc.php Wine Australia Team. (2015). Wine Sector Organisations. Retrieved from https://www.wineaustralia.com: https://www.wineaustralia.com/en/Contact%20Us/Wine%20Sector%20Organisations.aspx

The Poetry Of A. E. Housman Essays - A. E. Housman, A E Housman

The Poetry of A. E. Housman Housman was born in Burton-On-Trent, England, in 1865, just as the US Civil War was ending. As a young child, he was disturbed by the news of slaughter from the former British colonies, and was affected deeply. This turned him into a brooding, introverted teenager and a misanthropic, pessimistic adult. This outlook on life shows clearly in his poetry. Housman believed that people were generally evil, and that life conspired against mankind. This is evident not only in his poetry, but also in his short stories. For example, his story, "The Child of Lancashire," published in 1893 in The London Gazette, is about an child who travels to London, where his parents die, and he becomes a street urchin. There are veiled implications that the child is a homosexual (as was Housman, most probably), and he becomes mixed up with a gang of similar youths, attacking affluent pedestrians and stealing their watches and gold coins. Eventually he leaves the gang and becomes wealthy, but is attacked by the same gang (who don't recognize him) and is thrown off London Bridge into the Thames, which is unfortunately frozen over, and is killed on the hard ice below. Housman's poetry is similarly pessimistic. In fully half the poems the speaker is dead. In others, he is about to die or wants to die, or his girlfriend is dead. Death is a really important stage of life to Housman; without death, Housman would probably not have been able to be a poet. (Housman, himself, died in 1937.) A few of his poems show an uncharacteristic optimism and love of beauty, however. For example, in his poem "Trees," he begins: "Loveliest of trees, the cherry now Hung low with bloom along the bow Stands about the woodland side A virgin in white for Eastertide" ...and ends: "Poems are made by fools like me But only God can make a tree." (This is a popular quotation, yet most people don't know its source!) Religion is another theme of Housman's. Housman seems to have had trouble reconciling conventional Christianity with his homosexuality and his deep clinical depression. In "Apologia pro Poemate Meo" he states: "In heaven-high musings and many Far off in the wayward night sky, I would think that the love I bear you Would make you unable to die [death again] Would God in his church in heaven Forgive us our sins of the day, That boy and man together Might join in the night and the way." I think that the sense of hopelessness and homosexual longing is unmistakable. However, these themes went entirely over the heads of the people of Housman's day, in the early 1900s. The best known collection of Housman's poetry is A Shropshire Lad, published in 1925, followed shortly by More Poems, 1927, and Even More Poems, 1928. Unsurprisingly, most collections have the same sense and style. They could easily be one collection, in terms of stylistic content. All show a sense of the fragility of life, the perversity of existence, and a thinly veiled homosexual longing, in spite of the fact that many of the poems apparently (but subliminally?) speak of young women. It is clear from these works that women were only a metaphor for love, which in Housman's case usually did not include the female half of society. More Poems contains perhaps the best statement of Housman's philosophy of life, a long, untitled poem (no. LXIX) with oblique references to the town of his birth, Burton-on-Trent, and statements like: "And while the sun and moon endure Luck's a chance, but trouble's sure..." Indeed, how much more pessimistic can one be? Not only a poet and storyteller, Housman was a noted classical scholar. He is known for his extensive translations of the Greek classics, especially Greek plays by Euripides and Sophocles. Unfortunately, the bulk of his manuscripts were lost in a disastrous fire in his office at Oxford, which was caused by a lit cigar falling into a stack of papers. There were rumors that Housman was hidden in a closet with a young boy at the time, and therefore did not see the fire in his own office until it was too late to extinguish it. The Trustees of the college, however, managed to squelch the rumors, and Housman's academic tenure was not threatened by the incident.